In the most recent edition of Tack 'n Togs, we published a fairly long piece on treeless saddles. The purpose of the story was to provide our predominantly retail readers with information they need when their customers come in and ask about treeless saddles.
We always welcome comments on what we publish. Sabine Schleese of Schleese Saddlery Service Ltd. in Canada sent the following response. If you would like to have your say, click the "comment" link below.
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It was with great interest that we read the article concerning the advocacy of non-treed saddles in the last issue of Tack 'n Togs. This is a subject which is extremely controversial, with impassioned supporters of both sides. However, based on pure and simple logic treeless saddles don't make sense, nor are the really good for the horse in the long run! Some of the reasoning behind this is as follows (and forgive my long-windedness, but this is a topic which just lends itself to ranting!)
There was apparently a recent case won in Europe when a $500,000 dressage horse had to be put down because a treeless saddle had been hitting the horse on the spine and had caused neurological damage. They proved that it was in fact the saddle that had been the trigger and the saddlery paid up; dearly. Only a tree can keep you off the horses spine.
The horse has a horizontal spine, man has a vertical one. You may think that to a horse 180 lb or so of rider is no big deal, but it is. Your horse's centre of balance is directly behind the wither. (Trust me, you will be singing a serious amount of soprano if you sit there!
Because a tree-less saddle sits so close to the horses back you can't get far enough forward and therefore are behind the movement. Not to mention the risk of being past the horses last supporting rib. Also (especially for a man) your seatbones are closer together and tipped on a steeper angle. Which means everytime you sit those bones are digging into the horses back. How long before that becomes terribly painful?
Okay maybe for a rider who goes on a 1/2 hour hack twice a week it wouldn't have a lasting effect. But when you are talking about an upper level dressage horse that has a rider 120 lb and up pounding on their back for upwards of 40 min 6 days a week? It just doesn't make any sense! Yes you will definitely get more freedom in the shoulder through the scapula than you would get with a rigid tree, but there are a lot of other trees out there now that have more flex.
A ton of scapular damage has been done by tree points, which is why you need a saddle with longer tree-points that actually point backward! Yes, a tree can be very detrimental if it is not made correctly, but no tree at all causes pain as well.
There is a reason why the majority of saddles still have trees - and the important thing is that the tree fits the horse both along its length and especially over the withers (the 'vice-grip' of the saddle!). You especially don't want to have too much pressure put directly on the spinal processes of the horse, nor on the ligament system that runs along side the spine.
This may work for a while, especially if you have been riding in a badly fitting treed saddle, but eventually constant pressure will cause long-term damage. This has been proven with the use of thermography.
As far as buying one saddle that you expect to fit forever without adjustments, this is just paradoxical!
In a well-fitting saddle your horse should begin to muscle up and change conformation so that you do need at least annual adjustments to accommodate this growth! If you continue to ride a saddle without having it reflocked or refitted, either you're doing your horse a disservice, or there's something wrong with the saddle. Using different types of pads to 'fix' the fit is a bandaid solution at best. A pad should be used on well-fitting saddle simply to protect the leather from sweat, and should be no more than a thin cotton layer.
Read any book on equine anatomy and you will find back up information to this statement (check out especially any reference to the supraspinous ligament system). We see probably 2000 + clients a year with saddle fitting issues of one sort or another, and we work together with various US veterinary colleges on the issue of saddle fit, because even sometimes veterinarians are at a loss to explain equine "problems" -- often related to using the wrong type of saddle, or a badly fitting saddle.
The unfortunate truth is that treeless saddles go against the logic of equine anatomy - they may work for a few years, but as has been reiterated, there is a reason that there so many more treed saddles on the market. Could it be that it's simply a fad?
Not many people today have the luxury of time to learn to ride as well as the native Americans did -- with or without saddles. Many people still need to use a saddle to even stay on a horse, (including me) so you can't really compare the two. We do use quantitative measurements and I would hope that our years of training and experience as not 'just another saddlefitter' will lend some credence to these statements also.
Nothing would make us happier as saddle makers and saddle fitters than having bareback pads/treeless saddles universally accepted. They're much faster and much cheaper to make, and little skill is required to sew what is essentially a leather pad. If this is truly the best thing for the horse, why have none of the long-established traditional saddle makers jumped on the bandwagon?
Think of this analogy. Why do you not find high level athletes pursuing their sports barefoot? For three reasons -- support, comfort, and protection that a shoe can give. There only maybe a handful of riders (from all over the world) at higher levels riding a bareback pad/treeless saddle.
Elite (equine) athletes require support, comfort and protection to perform optimally. Without a tree, a bareback pad/treeless saddle, cannot protect the horse's spine, support the curvature of the rider's spine, and be comfortable for both horse and rider. The rider needs to sit softly (only achievable with correct posture and support of the four curvatures of the human spine) and the horse needs to keep the longissimus dorsi loose, so the back can rise, the hindquarters can come underneath, and the weight come off the forehand.
We have heard lots about how wonderful the horse moves in the shoulder with a bareback pad/treeless saddle, yet this "freedom of movement" in the shoulder is ineffective and long-term damaging if the back is hollow because the back muscle tightens due to the sharp seat bones of the rider. There is no support to the rider's spine and no protection to the horse's spine.
The result is that all the weight is on the forehand, which is an undesirable consequence. The majority of people riding have horses larger than the Indian pony, and as everyone knows, the bone density usually only holds up for an 800-pound horse. (most horse weigh much more than this). If you don't ride your horse off the forehand, damage will result to the ligaments, joints, tendons, and musculature.
At the past World Championships for Endurance riders; in the upcoming ****CCI in Rolex, or at the Kentucky Derby, you have not, and likely will not see a bareback pad/treeless saddle. (race saddles, although tiny, do contain 1/2 trees to protect the spine). Of course, a saddle fitter will always state his/her opinion, such as the owner of the bareback pad/treeless saddle also has his/her opinion -- we live in a free society where everyone is allowed to state his/her opinion -- however, for further input to form an opinion, I would urge you to buy the book "The Horse's Pain Free Back and Saddle Fit" by Dr. Joyce Harmann, DVM.
She has made saddlefitting her focus -- especially the chapter on Saddle Construction, p. 37 -- Treeless saddles. She mentions how important it is to keep the weight off the horse's spine. More and more veterinarians concur and investigate saddle fit, with research and evidence collected with MRI's, fibreoptic or thermographic cameras, and computerized saddle pads. (Equus magazine has published a number of articles on this topic in the past year.)
Although some of the bareback pads/treeless saddles have incorporated a gullet into their design, without the tree you cannot bridge the spinal processes nor the spinal ligament system properly, and therefore end up not providing your horse with the protection a properly fitted treed saddle will provide. That's why flexible, adjustable trees are an alternate choice to traditional wooden spring trees to provide horse and rider with what they need to prevent longterm damage.
There is nothing wrong with going barefoot, (or 'bareback') but to ensure the health of athletes (human or equine) the educated consumer will choose the product which provides the best support, comfort and protection. Obviously no one is going to convince anyone of anything they don't want to believe in. Bottom line is you should ride in whatever you are comfortable in, because no matter how well your saddle fits your horse (bareback pad/treeless saddle or treed saddle), your horse will never move optimally if you as the rider are not comfortable as well, because your discomfort will translate down. I don't think anyone would argue that point.
My point is that you should consider that the reason treed saddles have been around for so long is because they serve a distinct purpose -- to protect, support, and provide comfort to both horse and rider. But you should use whatever works for you -- just be aware that sometimes products appear on the market that seem to be a lot better than they really are, given the logic behind the manufacturing.
But I still say, IMHO that a properly fitted treed saddle is far superior (any properly fitted treed saddle). Sometimes things that appear to be perfect solutions in the short term will prove to have less than satisfactory outcomes in the long term. If you tap the top of your hand, it doesn't hurt much the first couple of minutes, but if you continue tapping for an hour or so, your tendons will become very sore.
We should take emotion out of this discussion, and it should be based on fact. With today's increasing technology in veterinary medicine, such as fibreoptic cameras, thermography, ability to x-ray the spine from below, computerized saddle pads, and MRIs, more and more veterinarians are specializing in saddle fit and evidence will become more and more apparent to support my "opinion." Beyond that - I'm not trying to convince you that I'm right and you're wrong; like I said, to each his own. Time will tell.
Sabine Schleese, B.Sc., MBA
Schleese Saddlery Service Ltd.
Saddlefit 4 Life
1-800-225-2242